PGS Publication: PGP000764

Publication Information (EuropePMC)
Title Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk in 109,954 Veterans With Adult-Onset Diabetes: The Million Veteran Program (MVP).
PubMed ID 38608262(Europe PMC)
doi 10.2337/dc23-1927
Publication Date June 1, 2024
Journal Diabetes Care
Author(s) Yang PK, Jackson SL, Charest BR, Cheng YJ, Sun YV, Raghavan S, Litkowski EM, Legvold BT, Rhee MK, Oram RA, Kuklina EV, Vujkovic M, Reaven PD, Cho K, Leong A, Wilson PWF, Zhou J, Miller DR, Sharp SA, Staimez LR, North KE, Highland HM, Phillips LS, Million Veteran Program .
Released in PGS Catalog: Oct. 6, 2025

Associated Polygenic Score(s)

Filter PGS by Participant Ancestry
Individuals included in:
G - Source of Variant Associations (GWAS)
D - Score Development/Training
E - PGS Evaluation
List of ancestries includes:
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Ancestry legend
Multi-ancestry (including European)
Multi-ancestry (excluding European)
African
East Asian
South Asian
Additional Asian Ancestries
European
Greater Middle Eastern
Hispanic or Latin American
Additional Diverse Ancestries
Not Reported

External PGS Evaluated By This Publication

Polygenic Score ID & Name PGS Publication ID (PGP) Reported Trait Mapped Trait(s) (Ontology) Number of Variants Ancestry distribution
GWAS
Dev
Eval
 Scoring File (FTP Link)
PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PGP000011 |
Oram RA et al. Diabetes Care (2015)
 Type 1 diabetes (T1D) type 1 diabetes mellitus 33
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS000021/ScoringFiles/PGS000021.txt.gz

Performance Metrics

Disclaimer: The performance metrics are displayed as reported by the source studies. It is important to note that metrics are not necessarily comparable with each other. For example, metrics depend on the sample characteristics (described by the PGS Catalog Sample Set [PSS] ID), phenotyping, and statistical modelling. Please refer to the source publication for additional guidance on performance.

PGS Performance
Metric ID (PPM) 		Evaluated Score PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Performance Source Trait PGS Effect Sizes
(per SD change) 		Classification Metrics Other Metrics Covariates Included in the Model PGS Performance:
Other Relevant Information
PPM023044 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Diabetes outcome (taking insulin) — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 1.42 [1.34, 1.51] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —
PPM023045 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Diabetes outcome (DKA) — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 3.28 [2.76, 3.9] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —
PPM023046 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Diabetes outcome (Hypoglycemia diagnosis at ED) — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 1.56 [1.38, 1.77] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —
PPM023047 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Diabetes outcome (Outpatient glucose <50 mg/dL) — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 1.91 [1.76, 2.09] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —
PPM023048 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Diabetes outcome (Years to insulin) — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 0.36 [0.31, 0.42] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —
PPM023049 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Diabetes outcome (HbA1c at onset) — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 1.28 [1.2, 1.37] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —
PPM023050 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Diabetes outcome (BMI at onset) — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 0.3 [0.26, 0.36] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —
PPM023051 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Total cholesterol-HDL — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 0.17 [0.05, 0.56] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —
PPM023052 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Chronic kidney disease — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 1.08 [1.02, 1.15] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —
PPM023053 PGS000021
(GRS1)
 PSS012104|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
109,594 individuals
 PGP000764 |
Yang PK et al. Diabetes Care (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Atrial fibrillation — — Hazard ratio (HR, high vs low tertile): 0.91 [0.84, 0.98] sex, age, HARE ancestry, and BMI at enrollment —

Evaluated Samples

PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Phenotype Definitions and Methods Participant Follow-up Time Sample Numbers Age of Study Participants Sample Ancestry Additional Ancestry Description Cohort(s) Additional Sample/Cohort Information
PSS012104 — — 25,274 individuals — African unspecified — MVP —
PSS012104 — — 9,537 individuals — Hispanic or Latin American — MVP —
PSS012104 — — 911 individuals — Asian unspecified — MVP —
PSS012104 — — 73,872 individuals — European — MVP —