Polygenic Score (PGS) ID: PGS002354

Predicted Trait
Reported Trait Type 2 diabetes (T2D)
Mapped Trait(s) type 2 diabetes mellitus (MONDO_0005148)
Released in PGS Catalog: June 9, 2022
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Score Details

Score Construction
PGS Name disease_T2D.BOLT-LMM
Development Method
Name BOLT-LMM
Parameters NR
Variants
Original Genome Build GRCh37
Number of Variants 1,109,311
Effect Weight Type beta
PGS Source
PGS Catalog Publication (PGP) ID PGP000332
Citation (link to publication) Weissbrod O et al. Nat Genet (2022)
Ancestry Distribution
Source of Variant
Associations (GWAS)
European: 100%
337,488 individuals (100%)
PGS Evaluation
Greater Middle Eastern: 33.3%
African: 16.7%
East Asian: 16.7%
European: 16.7%
South Asian: 16.7%
6 Sample Sets

Development Samples

Source of Variant Associations (GWAS)
Study Identifiers Sample Numbers Sample Ancestry Cohort(s)
— 337,488 individuals European UKB

Performance Metrics

Disclaimer: The performance metrics are displayed as reported by the source studies. It is important to note that metrics are not necessarily comparable with each other. For example, metrics depend on the sample characteristics (described by the PGS Catalog Sample Set [PSS] ID), phenotyping, and statistical modelling. Please refer to the source publication for additional guidance on performance.

PGS Performance
Metric ID (PPM) 		PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Performance Source Trait PGS Effect Sizes
(per SD change) 		Classification Metrics Other Metrics Covariates Included in the Model PGS Performance:
Other Relevant Information
PPM013119 PSS009859|
African Ancestry|
6,503 individuals
 PGP000332 |
Weissbrod O et al. Nat Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Type 2 diabetes — — Incremental R2 (full model vs. covariates alone): 0.0047 age, sex, age*sex, assessment center, genotyping array, 10 PCs —
PPM013168 PSS009860|
East Asian Ancestry|
922 individuals
 PGP000332 |
Weissbrod O et al. Nat Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Type 2 diabetes — — Incremental R2 (full model vs. covariates alone): 0.0025 age, sex, age*sex, assessment center, genotyping array, 10 PCs —
PPM013217 PSS009861|
European Ancestry|
43,505 individuals
 PGP000332 |
Weissbrod O et al. Nat Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Type 2 diabetes — — Incremental R2 (full model vs. covariates alone): 0.0135 age, sex, age*sex, assessment center, genotyping array, 10 PCs —
PPM013266 PSS009862|
South Asian Ancestry|
8,098 individuals
 PGP000332 |
Weissbrod O et al. Nat Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Type 2 diabetes — — Incremental R2 (full model vs. covariates alone): 0.0218 age, sex, age*sex, assessment center, genotyping array, 10 PCs —
PPM022793 PSS012080|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
4,534 individuals
 PGP000753 |
Aliyu U et al. Diabetes Obes Metab (2025)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Prediabetes OR: 1.194 [1.12, 1.273] AUROC: 0.647 [0.632, 0.663] R²: 0.084 sex, baseline age, BMI, PCs1-10 —
PPM022941 PSS012081|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
2,143 individuals
 PGP000753 |
Aliyu U et al. Diabetes Obes Metab (2025)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Incident T2D in prediabetics HR: 1.436 [1.239, 1.664] AUROC: 0.761 [0.728, 0.794] — sex, baseline age, BMI, PCs1-10 —

Evaluated Samples

PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Phenotype Definitions and Methods Participant Follow-up Time Sample Numbers Age of Study Participants Sample Ancestry Additional Ancestry Description Cohort(s) Additional Sample/Cohort Information
PSS012080 age-matched cohort —
[
  • 2,267 cases
  • , 2,267 controls
]
 — Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern, North African or Persian)
(Qatari)		 — QBB —
PSS012081 — Median = 6.0 years
[
  • 199 cases
  • , 1,944 controls
]
,
54.22 % Male samples
 — Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern, North African or Persian)
(Qatari)		 — QBB —
PSS009859 — — 6,503 individuals — African unspecified — UKB —
PSS009860 — — 922 individuals — East Asian — UKB —
PSS009861 — — 43,505 individuals — European Non-British European UKB —
PSS009862 — — 8,098 individuals — South Asian — UKB —