Trait: Graves disease

Trait Information
Identifier MONDO_0005364
Description Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to overactivity of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism).It is caused by an abnormal immune system response that causes the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormones. Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism andoccurs mostoften in women over age 20. However, the disorder may occur at any age and may affect males as well.Treatmentmayinclude radioiodine therapy, antithyroid drugs, and/or thyroid surgery. [GARD: 0006549]
Trait category
Other trait
Synonyms 7 synonyms
  • Basedow disease
  • Basedow's disease
  • Graves disease
  • Graves' hyperthyroidism
  • exophthalmic goiter
  • grave's disease
  • parry disease

Associated Polygenic Score(s)

Filter PGS by Participant Ancestry
Individuals included in:
G - Source of Variant Associations (GWAS)
D - Score Development/Training
E - PGS Evaluation
List of ancestries includes:
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Ancestry legend
Multi-ancestry (including European)
Multi-ancestry (excluding European)
African
East Asian
South Asian
Additional Asian Ancestries
European
Greater Middle Eastern
Hispanic or Latin American
Additional Diverse Ancestries
Not Reported
Polygenic Score ID & Name PGS Publication ID (PGP) Reported Trait Mapped Trait(s) (Ontology) Number of Variants Ancestry distribution
GWAS
Dev
Eval
 Scoring File (FTP Link)
PGS005264
(graves_disease_mixed_pt)
 PGP000748 |
White SL et al. medRxiv (2025)
|Pre		 Graves' disease Graves disease 112
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS005264/ScoringFiles/PGS005264.txt.gz
PGS005265
(graves_disease_mixed_prscs)
 PGP000748 |
White SL et al. medRxiv (2025)
|Pre		 Graves' disease Graves disease 1,085,173
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS005265/ScoringFiles/PGS005265.txt.gz
PGS005266
(graves_disease_eur_prscs)
 PGP000748 |
White SL et al. medRxiv (2025)
|Pre		 Graves' disease Graves disease 1,085,170
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS005266/ScoringFiles/PGS005266.txt.gz

Performance Metrics

Disclaimer: The performance metrics are displayed as reported by the source studies. It is important to note that metrics are not necessarily comparable with each other. For example, metrics depend on the sample characteristics (described by the PGS Catalog Sample Set [PSS] ID), phenotyping, and statistical modelling. Please refer to the source publication for additional guidance on performance.

PGS Performance
Metric ID (PPM) 		Evaluated Score PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Performance Source Trait PGS Effect Sizes
(per SD change) 		Classification Metrics Other Metrics Covariates Included in the Model PGS Performance:
Other Relevant Information
PPM022747 PGS005264
(graves_disease_mixed_pt)
 PSS012069|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
94,651 individuals
 PGP000748 |
White SL et al. medRxiv (2025)
|Pre		 Reported Trait: graves' disease OR: 1.008
β: 0.008		 AUROC: 0.6587 — — —
PPM022748 PGS005265
(graves_disease_mixed_prscs)
 PSS012069|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
94,651 individuals
 PGP000748 |
White SL et al. medRxiv (2025)
|Pre		 Reported Trait: graves' disease OR: 1.62508
β: 0.48556		 AUROC: 0.66522 — — —
PPM022749 PGS005266
(graves_disease_eur_prscs)
 PSS012069|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
94,651 individuals
 PGP000748 |
White SL et al. medRxiv (2025)
|Pre		 Reported Trait: graves' disease OR: 1.54333
β: 0.43394		 AUROC: 0.66373 — — —

Evaluated Samples

PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Phenotype Definitions and Methods Participant Follow-up Time Sample Numbers Age of Study Participants Sample Ancestry Additional Ancestry Description Cohort(s) Additional Sample/Cohort Information
PSS012069 Cases - ICD-9-CM codes: 193, V10.87, ICD-10-CM billing codes: C73, Z85.850, ICD-9 codes: 193, V10.87, ICD-10 codes: C73, SNOMED: 92767001 Carcinoma in situ of thyroid gland, 363478007 Malignant tumor of thyroid gland, 255028004 Follicular thyroid carcinoma, 423158009 Hurthle cell carcinoma of thyroid, 772992009 Primary differentiated carcinoma of thyroid gland. Controls - ICD-9-CM codes: 241 Nontoxic nodular goiter, 241.0 Nontoxic uninodular goiter, 241.1 Nontoxic multinodular goiter, 241.9 Unspecified nontoxic nodular goiter ICD-10-CM billing codes: E01.1 Iodine-deficiency related multinodular (endemic) goiter, E04.1 Nontoxic single thyroid nodule, E04.2 Nontoxic multinodular goiter, E04.8 Other specified nontoxic goiter, E04.9 Nontoxic goiter, unspecified, ICD-9-CM codes: 241 Nontoxic nodular goiter, 241.0 Nontoxic uninodular goiter, 241.1 Nontoxic multinodular goiter, 241.9 Unspecified nontoxic nodular goiter, ICD-10 codes: E01.1 Iodine-deficiency related multinodular (endemic) goiter, E04.1 Nontoxic single thyroid nodule, E04.2 Nontoxic multinodular goiter, E04.8 Other specified nontoxic goiter, E04.9 Nontoxic goiter, unspecified, SNOMED: 419153005 Nodular goiter, 190236006 Non-toxic nodular goiter, 66392007 Substernal goiter, 60968001 Adenomatous goiter — 94,651 individuals — African American or Afro-Caribbean, Hispanic or Latin American, European — CCPM —