Trait: testosterone measurement

Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) Information
Identifier EFO_0004908
Description is a quantification of testosterone, typically in serum. Testosterone is a steroid hormone.Testosterone measurement is used in the diagnosis of precocious or delayed puberty, infertility (in men and women), ovarian tumours, adrenal tumours and pituitary disorders.
Trait category
Lipid or lipoprotein measurement
Synonyms 2 synonyms
  • testosterone level
  • testosterone levels
Mapped terms 2 mapped terms
  • NCIt:C75378
  • SNOMEDCT:104957004

Associated Polygenic Score(s)

Filter PGS by Participant Ancestry
Individuals included in:
G - Source of Variant Associations (GWAS)
D - Score Development/Training
E - PGS Evaluation
List of ancestries includes:
Display options:
Ancestry legend
Multi-ancestry (including European)
Multi-ancestry (excluding European)
African
East Asian
South Asian
Additional Asian Ancestries
European
Greater Middle Eastern
Hispanic or Latin American
Additional Diverse Ancestries
Not Reported
Polygenic Score ID & Name PGS Publication ID (PGP) Reported Trait Mapped Trait(s) (Ontology) Number of Variants Ancestry distribution
GWAS
Dev
Eval
 Scoring File (FTP Link)
PGS000321
(snpnet_Testosterone_combined)
 PGP000097 |
Flynn E et al. Eur J Hum Genet (2020)
 Serum testosterone levels testosterone measurement 7,319
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS000321/ScoringFiles/PGS000321.txt.gz
PGS000322
(snpnet_Testosterone_female-specific)
 PGP000097 |
Flynn E et al. Eur J Hum Genet (2020)
 Serum testosterone levels in females testosterone measurement,
female		 7,168
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS000322/ScoringFiles/PGS000322.txt.gz
PGS000323
(snpnet_Testosterone_male-specific)
 PGP000097 |
Flynn E et al. Eur J Hum Genet (2020)
 Serum testosterone levels in males testosterone measurement,
male		 8,235
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS000323/ScoringFiles/PGS000323.txt.gz
PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PGP000128 |
Sinnott-Armstrong N et al. Nat Genet (2021)
 Testosterone [nmol/L] testosterone measurement 8,223
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS000696/ScoringFiles/PGS000696.txt.gz - Check Terms/Licenses
PGS001914
(portability-PLR_F_log_testosterone)
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Testosterone (female only) testosterone measurement,
female		 18,179
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001914/ScoringFiles/PGS001914.txt.gz
PGS001988
(portability-PLR_M_log_testosterone)
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Testosterone (male only) testosterone measurement,
male		 3,985
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001988/ScoringFiles/PGS001988.txt.gz
PGS002130
(portability-ldpred2_F_log_testosterone)
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Testosterone (female only) testosterone measurement,
female		 650,195
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS002130/ScoringFiles/PGS002130.txt.gz
PGS002205
(portability-ldpred2_M_log_testosterone)
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Testosterone (male only) testosterone measurement,
male		 584,991
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS002205/ScoringFiles/PGS002205.txt.gz
PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Testosterone (female only) testosterone measurement 979,739
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003507/ScoringFiles/PGS003507.txt.gz
PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Testosterone (male only) testosterone measurement 979,739
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003559/ScoringFiles/PGS003559.txt.gz

Performance Metrics

Disclaimer: The performance metrics are displayed as reported by the source studies. It is important to note that metrics are not necessarily comparable with each other. For example, metrics depend on the sample characteristics (described by the PGS Catalog Sample Set [PSS] ID), phenotyping, and statistical modelling. Please refer to the source publication for additional guidance on performance.

PGS Performance
Metric ID (PPM) 		Evaluated Score PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Performance Source Trait PGS Effect Sizes
(per SD change) 		Classification Metrics Other Metrics Covariates Included in the Model PGS Performance:
Other Relevant Information
PPM000865 PGS000321
(snpnet_Testosterone_combined)
 PSS000421|
European Ancestry|
28,640 individuals
 PGP000097 |
Flynn E et al. Eur J Hum Genet (2020)
 Reported Trait: Serum testosterone levels in females — — R²: 0.13 age, sex, PCs 1-40, blood draw time, fasting time, sample dilution factor, batch, genotyping array —
PPM000862 PGS000321
(snpnet_Testosterone_combined)
 PSS000422|
European Ancestry|
28,601 individuals
 PGP000097 |
Flynn E et al. Eur J Hum Genet (2020)
 Reported Trait: Serum testosterone levels in males — — R²: 0.21 age, sex, PCs 1-40, blood draw time, fasting time, sample dilution factor, batch, genotyping array —
PPM000864 PGS000322
(snpnet_Testosterone_female-specific)
 PSS000421|
European Ancestry|
28,640 individuals
 PGP000097 |
Flynn E et al. Eur J Hum Genet (2020)
 Reported Trait: Serum testosterone levels in females — — R²: 0.18 age, sex, PCs 1-40, blood draw time, fasting time, sample dilution factor, batch, genotyping array —
PPM000863 PGS000322
(snpnet_Testosterone_female-specific)
 PSS000422|
European Ancestry|
28,601 individuals
 PGP000097 |
Flynn E et al. Eur J Hum Genet (2020)
 Reported Trait: Serum testosterone levels in males — — R²: 0.02 age, sex, PCs 1-40, blood draw time, fasting time, sample dilution factor, batch, genotyping array —
PPM000866 PGS000323
(snpnet_Testosterone_male-specific)
 PSS000421|
European Ancestry|
28,640 individuals
 PGP000097 |
Flynn E et al. Eur J Hum Genet (2020)
 Reported Trait: Serum testosterone levels in females — — R²: 0.023 age, sex, PCs 1-40, blood draw time, fasting time, sample dilution factor, batch, genotyping array —
PPM000861 PGS000323
(snpnet_Testosterone_male-specific)
 PSS000422|
European Ancestry|
28,601 individuals
 PGP000097 |
Flynn E et al. Eur J Hum Genet (2020)
 Reported Trait: Serum testosterone levels in males — — R²: 0.31 age, sex, PCs 1-40, blood draw time, fasting time, sample dilution factor, batch, genotyping array —
PPM022568 PGS000323
(snpnet_Testosterone_male-specific)
 PSS012020|
European Ancestry|
233 individuals
 PGP000725 |
Busch AS et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Mean total testosterone SDS in infancy β: 5.4 (2.2) — R²: 0.05 — —
PPM022569 PGS000323
(snpnet_Testosterone_male-specific)
 PSS012020|
European Ancestry|
233 individuals
 PGP000725 |
Busch AS et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Mean SHBG SDS in infancy β: 11.7 (2.2) — R²: 0.21 — —
PPM022570 PGS000323
(snpnet_Testosterone_male-specific)
 PSS012020|
European Ancestry|
233 individuals
 PGP000725 |
Busch AS et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Mean LH SDS in infancy β: 5.0 (2.3) — R²: 0.04 — —
PPM001424 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS000757|
African Ancestry|
5,453 individuals
 PGP000128 |
Sinnott-Armstrong N et al. Nat Genet (2021)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone [nmol/L] — — R²: 0.89659
Spearman's ρ: 0.091		 Age, sex, PCs(1-40) —
PPM001459 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS000758|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,008 individuals
 PGP000128 |
Sinnott-Armstrong N et al. Nat Genet (2021)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone [nmol/L] — — R²: 0.91376
Spearman's ρ: 0.115		 Age, sex, PCs(1-40) —
PPM001494 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS000759|
European Ancestry|
21,344 individuals
 PGP000128 |
Sinnott-Armstrong N et al. Nat Genet (2021)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone [nmol/L] — — R²: 0.90433
Spearman's ρ: 0.169		 Age, sex, PCs(1-40) —
PPM001529 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS000760|
South Asian Ancestry|
6,680 individuals
 PGP000128 |
Sinnott-Armstrong N et al. Nat Genet (2021)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone [nmol/L] — — R²: 0.89983
Spearman's ρ: 0.149		 Age, sex, PCs(1-40) —
PPM001564 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS000761|
European Ancestry|
57,774 individuals
 PGP000128 |
Sinnott-Armstrong N et al. Nat Genet (2021)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone [nmol/L] — — R²: 0.9055
Spearman's ρ: 0.175		 Age, sex, PCs(1-40) —
PPM001572 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS000831|
European Ancestry|
2,129 individuals
 PGP000128 |
Sinnott-Armstrong N et al. Nat Genet (2021)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone [nmol/L] — — Spearman's ρ: 0.104 Age, sex —
PPM007405 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS007196|
African Ancestry|
5,534 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Testosterone — — R²: 0.80968 [0.80136, 0.81801]
Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.00067
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00079 [-0.00058, 0.00215]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM007406 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS007197|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,506 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Testosterone — — R²: 0.865 [0.8531, 0.8769]
Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.0008
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00346 [-0.00209, 0.00902]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM007407 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS007198|
European Ancestry|
21,549 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Testosterone — — R²: 0.8185 [0.81442, 0.82257]
Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.00147
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00189 [0.00081, 0.00297]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM007408 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS007199|
South Asian Ancestry|
6,754 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Testosterone — — R²: 0.77833 [0.76967, 0.78698]
Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.00157
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00425 [0.00137, 0.00712]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM007409 PGS000696
(snpnet.Testosterone)
 PSS007200|
European Ancestry|
58,509 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Testosterone — — R²: 0.8074 [0.80479, 0.81001]
Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.00156
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00319 [0.00234, 0.00404]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM010195 PGS001914
(portability-PLR_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS009374|
European Ancestry|
9,296 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1628 [0.143, 0.1826] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010197 PGS001914
(portability-PLR_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008702|
European Ancestry|
3,123 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1116 [0.0767, 0.1462] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010198 PGS001914
(portability-PLR_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008476|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
562 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.2041 [0.122, 0.2835] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010199 PGS001914
(portability-PLR_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008254|
South Asian Ancestry|
2,976 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1494 [0.114, 0.1845] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010200 PGS001914
(portability-PLR_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008032|
East Asian Ancestry|
855 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0621 [-0.0058, 0.1294] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010201 PGS001914
(portability-PLR_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS007818|
African Ancestry|
1,112 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0967 [0.0376, 0.1551] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010202 PGS001914
(portability-PLR_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008922|
African Ancestry|
1,808 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0739 [0.0276, 0.1198] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010196 PGS001914
(portability-PLR_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS009148|
European Ancestry|
1,918 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1364 [0.092, 0.1803] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010779 PGS001988
(portability-PLR_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS009380|
European Ancestry|
7,947 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1448 [0.1232, 0.1663] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010780 PGS001988
(portability-PLR_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS009154|
European Ancestry|
1,666 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1145 [0.0665, 0.1619] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010781 PGS001988
(portability-PLR_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008708|
European Ancestry|
2,641 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1082 [0.0702, 0.1459] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010782 PGS001988
(portability-PLR_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008482|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
485 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1329 [0.0425, 0.2212] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010783 PGS001988
(portability-PLR_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008260|
South Asian Ancestry|
2,486 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1284 [0.0893, 0.167] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010784 PGS001988
(portability-PLR_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008038|
East Asian Ancestry|
742 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0942 [0.0214, 0.1661] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010786 PGS001988
(portability-PLR_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008928|
African Ancestry|
1,551 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0262 [-0.0239, 0.0762] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010785 PGS001988
(portability-PLR_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS007824|
African Ancestry|
973 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0604 [-0.0031, 0.1234] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011897 PGS002130
(portability-ldpred2_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008702|
European Ancestry|
3,123 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1053 [0.0704, 0.14] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011895 PGS002130
(portability-ldpred2_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS009374|
European Ancestry|
9,296 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1633 [0.1434, 0.183] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011896 PGS002130
(portability-ldpred2_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS009148|
European Ancestry|
1,918 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1566 [0.1124, 0.2001] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011898 PGS002130
(portability-ldpred2_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008476|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
562 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.2432 [0.1623, 0.3208] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011899 PGS002130
(portability-ldpred2_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008254|
South Asian Ancestry|
2,976 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1496 [0.1142, 0.1847] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011900 PGS002130
(portability-ldpred2_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008032|
East Asian Ancestry|
855 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.048 [-0.0199, 0.1155] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011901 PGS002130
(portability-ldpred2_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS007818|
African Ancestry|
1,112 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1167 [0.0578, 0.1749] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011902 PGS002130
(portability-ldpred2_F_log_testosterone)
 PSS008922|
African Ancestry|
1,808 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0774 [0.0311, 0.1233] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012487 PGS002205
(portability-ldpred2_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS009380|
European Ancestry|
7,947 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1503 [0.1287, 0.1717] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012488 PGS002205
(portability-ldpred2_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS009154|
European Ancestry|
1,666 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1423 [0.0946, 0.1893] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012489 PGS002205
(portability-ldpred2_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008708|
European Ancestry|
2,641 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1259 [0.088, 0.1634] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012490 PGS002205
(portability-ldpred2_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008482|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
485 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1526 [0.0626, 0.2402] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012491 PGS002205
(portability-ldpred2_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008260|
South Asian Ancestry|
2,486 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1129 [0.0737, 0.1517] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012492 PGS002205
(portability-ldpred2_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008038|
East Asian Ancestry|
742 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0935 [0.0207, 0.1654] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012494 PGS002205
(portability-ldpred2_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS008928|
African Ancestry|
1,551 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0302 [-0.0199, 0.0802] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012493 PGS002205
(portability-ldpred2_M_log_testosterone)
 PSS007824|
African Ancestry|
973 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0603 [-0.0033, 0.1233] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM017435 PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PSS010868|
European Ancestry|
8,475 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — partial-R2: 0.06 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017519 PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PSS010784|
European Ancestry|
2,096 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — partial-R2: 0.04 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017603 PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PSS010616|
European Ancestry|
2,874 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — partial-R2: 0.04 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017687 PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PSS010532|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
372 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — partial-R2: 0.06 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017771 PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PSS010196|
European Ancestry|
943 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — partial-R2: 0.04 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017855 PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PSS010448|
South Asian Ancestry|
2,210 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — partial-R2: 0.03 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017939 PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PSS010364|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,023 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — partial-R2: 0.02 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM018023 PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PSS010280|
African Ancestry|
1,233 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — partial-R2: 0.0 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM018107 PGS003507
(cont-decay-F_log_testosterone)
 PSS010700|
African Ancestry|
1,662 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (female only) — — partial-R2: 0.0 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017487 PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PSS010926|
European Ancestry|
8,753 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — partial-R2: 0.09 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017571 PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PSS010842|
European Ancestry|
1,479 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — partial-R2: 0.09 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017655 PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PSS010674|
European Ancestry|
2,755 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — partial-R2: 0.08 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017739 PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PSS010590|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
648 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — partial-R2: 0.1 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017823 PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PSS010254|
European Ancestry|
1,002 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — partial-R2: 0.1 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017907 PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PSS010506|
South Asian Ancestry|
3,208 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — partial-R2: 0.07 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM017991 PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PSS010422|
East Asian Ancestry|
565 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — partial-R2: 0.07 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM018075 PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PSS010338|
African Ancestry|
842 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — partial-R2: 0.01 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —
PPM018159 PGS003559
(cont-decay-M_log_testosterone)
 PSS010758|
African Ancestry|
1,669 individuals
 PGP000457 |
Ding Y et al. Nature (2023)
 Reported Trait: Testosterone (male only) — — partial-R2: 0.02 sex, age, deprivation index, PC1-16 —

Evaluated Samples

PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Phenotype Definitions and Methods Participant Follow-up Time Sample Numbers Age of Study Participants Sample Ancestry Additional Ancestry Description Cohort(s) Additional Sample/Cohort Information
PSS008260 — — 2,486 individuals — South Asian India (South Asia) UKB —
PSS010784 — — 2,096 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 54.1 years
Sd = 7.7 years		 European Polish UKB —
PSS010532 — — 372 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 51.2 years
Sd = 7.7 years		 Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern, North African or Persian) Iranian UKB —
PSS010280 — — 1,233 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 52.1 years
Sd = 7.9 years		 African American or Afro-Caribbean Caribbean UKB —
PSS010926 — — 8,753 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 57.1 years
Sd = 8.0 years		 European white British UKB —
PSS010674 — — 2,755 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 54.8 years
Sd = 8.5 years		 European Italian UKB —
PSS008922 — — 1,808 individuals — African unspecified Nigeria (West Africa) UKB —
PSS000831 — — 2,129 individuals — European Participants self-identifying as white MESA —
PSS010422 — — 565 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 52.3 years
Sd = 8.2 years		 East Asian Chinese UKB —
PSS008032 — — 855 individuals — East Asian China (East Asia) UKB —
PSS008928 — — 1,551 individuals — African unspecified Nigeria (West Africa) UKB —
PSS008038 — — 742 individuals — East Asian China (East Asia) UKB —
PSS010700 — — 1,662 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 52.4 years
Sd = 8.0 years		 African unspecified Nigerian UKB —
PSS010448 — — 2,210 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 52.4 years
Sd = 8.1 years		 South Asian Indian UKB —
PSS010196 — — 943 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 57.4 years
Sd = 7.2 years		 European Ashkenazi UKB —
PSS008702 — — 3,123 individuals — European Italy (South Europe) UKB —
PSS010842 — — 1,479 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 54.2 years
Sd = 7.4 years		 European Polish UKB —
PSS012020 mean age-specific serum concentrations, i.e., SDS, of reproductive hormone concentrations based on the respective reference curves — 233 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 — European — NR —
PSS008708 — — 2,641 individuals — European Italy (South Europe) UKB —
PSS010590 — — 648 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 51.8 years
Sd = 8.0 years		 Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern, North African or Persian) Iranian UKB —
PSS010338 — — 842 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 52.8 years
Sd = 8.4 years		 African American or Afro-Caribbean Caribbean UKB —
PSS007818 — — 1,112 individuals — African American or Afro-Caribbean Carribean UKB —
PSS000421 Blood testosterone levels (UKB field 30850). Individuals taking the following testosterone-related drugs (methyltestosterone, finasteride, dutasteride, testosterone, mesterolone, and cyproterone) were excluded. — 28,640 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 — European — UKB —
PSS000422 Blood testosterone levels (UKB field 30850). Individuals taking the following testosterone-related drugs (methyltestosterone, finasteride, dutasteride, testosterone, mesterolone, and cyproterone) were excluded. — 28,601 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 — European — UKB —
PSS000757 — — 5,453 individuals — African unspecified — UKB —
PSS000758 — — 1,008 individuals — East Asian — UKB —
PSS000759 — — 21,344 individuals — European Non-British White UKB —
PSS000760 — — 6,680 individuals — South Asian — UKB —
PSS000761 — — 57,774 individuals — European
(British)		 — UKB —
PSS007824 — — 973 individuals — African American or Afro-Caribbean Carribean UKB —
PSS010868 — — 8,475 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 56.2 years
Sd = 7.9 years		 European white British UKB —
PSS008476 — — 562 individuals — Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern, North African or Persian) Iran (Middle East) UKB —
PSS009374 — — 9,296 individuals — European UK (+ Ireland) UKB —
PSS010616 — — 2,874 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 53.8 years
Sd = 8.3 years		 European Italian UKB —
PSS008482 — — 485 individuals — Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern, North African or Persian) Iran (Middle East) UKB —
PSS010364 — — 1,023 individuals,
0.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 52.1 years
Sd = 7.5 years		 East Asian Chinese UKB —
PSS007196 — — 5,534 individuals — African unspecified — UKB —
PSS007197 — — 1,506 individuals — East Asian — UKB —
PSS007198 — — 21,549 individuals — European non-white British ancestry UKB —
PSS007199 — — 6,754 individuals — South Asian — UKB —
PSS007200 — — 58,509 individuals — European white British ancestry UKB Testing cohort (heldout set)
PSS009380 — — 7,947 individuals — European UK (+ Ireland) UKB —
PSS010758 — — 1,669 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 51.4 years
Sd = 8.2 years		 African unspecified Nigerian UKB —
PSS010506 — — 3,208 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 53.6 years
Sd = 8.7 years		 South Asian Indian UKB —
PSS010254 — — 1,002 individuals,
100.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 58.4 years
Sd = 7.1 years		 European Ashkenazi UKB —
PSS009148 — — 1,918 individuals — European Poland (NE Europe) UKB —
PSS008254 — — 2,976 individuals — South Asian India (South Asia) UKB —
PSS009154 — — 1,666 individuals — European Poland (NE Europe) UKB —