Trait: sleep-wake disorder

Trait Information
Identifier MONDO_0003406
Description Abnormal sleep-wake schedule or pattern associated with the circadian rhythm which affect the length, timing, and/or rigidity of the sleep-wake cycle relative to the day-night cycle. These can include dyssomnias such as circadian rhythm disorders, hypersomnia, and sleep apnea and parasomnias such as bruxism and rapid eye movement sleep disorder. [MESH: D012893]
Trait category
Other disease
Synonyms 38 synonyms
  • Subwakefullness syndrome
  • Subwakefullness syndromes
  • Tachypneas, sleep-related neurogenic
  • disorder of sleep-wake cycle
  • disorder, sleep
  • disorder, sleep wake
  • disorders, sleep
  • disorders, sleep wake
  • long sleeper syndrome
  • long sleeper syndromes
  • neurogenic Tachypneas, sleep-related
  • neurogenic tachypnea, sleep-related
  • phenotype, short sleep
  • phenotypes, short sleep
  • short sleep phenotype
  • short sleep phenotypes
  • short sleeper syndrome
  • short sleeper syndromes
  • sleep disorder
  • sleep disorders
  • sleep phenotypes, short
  • sleep related neurogenic tachypnea
  • sleep wake disorder
  • sleep-related neurogenic Tachypneas
  • sleep-related neurogenic tachypnea
  • sleeper syndrome, long
  • sleeper syndrome, short
  • sleeper syndromes, long
  • sleeper syndromes, short
  • syndrome, Subwakefullness
  • syndrome, long sleeper
  • syndrome, short sleeper
  • syndromes, Subwakefullness
  • syndromes, long sleeper
  • syndromes, short sleeper
  • tachypnea, sleep-related neurogenic
  • wake disorder, sleep
  • wake disorders, sleep
Child trait(s) 5 child traits

Associated Polygenic Score(s)

Filter PGS by Participant Ancestry
Individuals included in:
G - Source of Variant Associations (GWAS)
D - Score Development/Training
E - PGS Evaluation
List of ancestries includes:
Display options:
Ancestry legend
Multi-ancestry (including European)
Multi-ancestry (excluding European)
African
East Asian
South Asian
Additional Asian Ancestries
European
Greater Middle Eastern
Hispanic or Latin American
Additional Diverse Ancestries
Not Reported
Note: This table shows PGS for child terms of "sleep-wake disorder" in the EFO hierarchy.
Polygenic Score ID & Name PGS Publication ID (PGP) Reported Trait Mapped Trait(s) (Ontology) Number of Variants Ancestry distribution
GWAS
Dev
Eval
 Scoring File (FTP Link)
PGS000756
(GRS3_Nar)
 PGP000162 |
Ouyang H et al. Ann Transl Med (2020)
 Narcolepsy narcolepsy-cataplexy syndrome 32
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS000756/ScoringFiles/PGS000756.txt.gz
PGS000757
(GRS4_Nar)
 PGP000162 |
Ouyang H et al. Ann Transl Med (2020)
 Narcolepsy narcolepsy-cataplexy syndrome 5
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS000757/ScoringFiles/PGS000757.txt.gz
PGS000926
(GBE_QT_FC1001220)
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) narcolepsy 4,194
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS000926/ScoringFiles/PGS000926.txt.gz
PGS001995
(portability-PLR_narcolepsy)
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) narcolepsy 27,143
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001995/ScoringFiles/PGS001995.txt.gz
PGS002212
(portability-ldpred2_narcolepsy)
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) narcolepsy 893,802
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS002212/ScoringFiles/PGS002212.txt.gz
PGS003204
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_LASSOSUM_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 4,360
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003204/ScoringFiles/PGS003204.txt.gz
PGS003205
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PT_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 5,300
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003205/ScoringFiles/PGS003205.txt.gz
PGS003206
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PLINK_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 9,873
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003206/ScoringFiles/PGS003206.txt.gz
PGS003207
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_DBSLMM_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 355
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003207/ScoringFiles/PGS003207.txt.gz
PGS003208
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PRSCS_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 12,076
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003208/ScoringFiles/PGS003208.txt.gz
PGS003209
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_LASSOSUM_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 328,671
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003209/ScoringFiles/PGS003209.txt.gz
PGS003210
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_PT_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 40,992
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003210/ScoringFiles/PGS003210.txt.gz
PGS003211
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_PLINK_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 39,223
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003211/ScoringFiles/PGS003211.txt.gz
PGS003212
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_DBSLMM_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 7,601,206
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003212/ScoringFiles/PGS003212.txt.gz
PGS003213
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_PRSCS_MGI_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 1,111,194
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003213/ScoringFiles/PGS003213.txt.gz
PGS003214
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_LASSOSUM_UKB_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 5,812
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003214/ScoringFiles/PGS003214.txt.gz
PGS003215
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PT_UKB_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 1,209
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003215/ScoringFiles/PGS003215.txt.gz
PGS003216
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PLINK_UKB_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 688
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003216/ScoringFiles/PGS003216.txt.gz
PGS003217
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_DBSLMM_UKB_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 46
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003217/ScoringFiles/PGS003217.txt.gz
PGS003218
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PRSCS_UKB_20211120)
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Sleep apnea sleep apnea syndrome 12,097
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003218/ScoringFiles/PGS003218.txt.gz
PGS003414
(PRS47_RBD)
 PGP000427 |
Krohn L et al. Nat Commun (2022)
 REM sleep behavior disorder REM sleep behavior disorder 47
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003414/ScoringFiles/PGS003414.txt.gz
PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Obstructive sleep apnea obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 836,839
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003479/ScoringFiles/PGS003479.txt.gz
PGS003857
(GRS18_BMIunadj)
 PGP000496 |
Sofer T et al. EBioMedicine (2023)
 Obstructive sleep apnea obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 18
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003857/ScoringFiles/PGS003857.txt.gz
PGS003858
(GRS6_BMIadj)
 PGP000496 |
Sofer T et al. EBioMedicine (2023)
 Obstructive sleep apnea (BMI adjusted) obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 6
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS003858/ScoringFiles/PGS003858.txt.gz
PGS005219
(PRS_BMIadjOSA)
 PGP000734 |
Kurniansyah N et al. EBioMedicine (2025)
 Obstructive sleep apnea (AdjustedBMI) obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 982,740
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS005219/ScoringFiles/PGS005219.txt.gz
PGS005220
(PRS_BMIunadjOSA)
 PGP000734 |
Kurniansyah N et al. EBioMedicine (2025)
 Obstructive sleep apnea (UnadjustedBMI) obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 984,184
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS005220/ScoringFiles/PGS005220.txt.gz
PGS012520
(OSA_bmi_unadj)
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Obstructive sleep apnea obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 17
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS012520/ScoringFiles/PGS012520.txt.gz
PGS012521
(OSA_bmi_adj)
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for BMI) obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 6
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS012521/ScoringFiles/PGS012521.txt.gz
PGS012528
(OSA_bmi_unadj_LD)
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Obstructive sleep apnea obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 307,286
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS012528/ScoringFiles/PGS012528.txt.gz
PGS012529
(OSA_bmi_adj_LD)
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for BMI) obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 323,621
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS012529/ScoringFiles/PGS012529.txt.gz

Performance Metrics

Disclaimer: The performance metrics are displayed as reported by the source studies. It is important to note that metrics are not necessarily comparable with each other. For example, metrics depend on the sample characteristics (described by the PGS Catalog Sample Set [PSS] ID), phenotyping, and statistical modelling. Please refer to the source publication for additional guidance on performance.

PGS Performance
Metric ID (PPM) 		Evaluated Score PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Performance Source Trait PGS Effect Sizes
(per SD change) 		Classification Metrics Other Metrics Covariates Included in the Model PGS Performance:
Other Relevant Information
PPM001925 PGS000756
(GRS3_Nar)
 PSS000966|
East Asian Ancestry|
2,884 individuals
 PGP000162 |
Ouyang H et al. Ann Transl Med (2020)
 Reported Trait: Incident narcolepsy OR: 1.149 [1.119, 1.181] — Odds Ratio (OR, high vs low risk): 2.586 [2.109, 3.173] — Individuals with a high polygenic risk had a score ≥28. Individuals with a low polygenic risk had a score <25.
PPM001926 PGS000756
(GRS3_Nar)
 PSS000966|
East Asian Ancestry|
2,884 individuals
 PGP000162 |
Ouyang H et al. Ann Transl Med (2020)
 Reported Trait: Incident narcolepsy OR: 1.152 [1.12, 1.185] AUROC: 0.723 Odds Ratio (OR, high vs low risk): 2.602 [2.097, 3.232] Gender Individuals with a high polygenic risk had a score ≥28. Individuals with a low polygenic risk had a score <25.
PPM001927 PGS000757
(GRS4_Nar)
 PSS000966|
East Asian Ancestry|
2,884 individuals
 PGP000162 |
Ouyang H et al. Ann Transl Med (2020)
 Reported Trait: Incident narcolepsy OR: 1.449 [1.367, 1.536] — Odds Ratio (OR, high vs low risk): 4.298 [3.378, 5.481] — Individuals with a high polygenic risk had a score ≥8. Individuals with a low polygenic risk had a score <6.
PPM001928 PGS000757
(GRS4_Nar)
 PSS000966|
East Asian Ancestry|
2,884 individuals
 PGP000162 |
Ouyang H et al. Ann Transl Med (2020)
 Reported Trait: Incident narcolepsy OR: 1.442 [1.357, 1.534] AUROC: 0.736 Odds Ratio (OR, high vs low risk): 4.157 [3.224, 5.371] Gender Individuals with a high polygenic risk had a score ≥8. Individuals with a low polygenic risk had a score <6.
PPM007457 PGS000926
(GBE_QT_FC1001220)
 PSS007536|
African Ancestry|
6,254 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — R²: 0.02468 [0.01723, 0.03213]
Incremental R2 (full-covars): -0.00089
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00034 [-0.00056, 0.00125]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM007458 PGS000926
(GBE_QT_FC1001220)
 PSS007537|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,629 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.00183
R²: 0.03667 [0.01919, 0.05415]
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00244 [-0.00223, 0.0071]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM007459 PGS000926
(GBE_QT_FC1001220)
 PSS007538|
European Ancestry|
24,713 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — R²: 0.02067 [0.01717, 0.02417]
Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.00439
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00422 [0.00261, 0.00583]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM007460 PGS000926
(GBE_QT_FC1001220)
 PSS007539|
South Asian Ancestry|
7,410 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — R²: 0.0158 [0.01032, 0.02128]
Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.00236
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00251 [0.0003, 0.00473]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM007461 PGS000926
(GBE_QT_FC1001220)
 PSS007540|
European Ancestry|
67,196 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — R²: 0.02284 [0.02061, 0.02507]
Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.00532
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00542 [0.00431, 0.00652]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs —
PPM010835 PGS001995
(portability-PLR_narcolepsy)
 PSS009478|
European Ancestry|
19,922 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0959 [0.0822, 0.1097] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010836 PGS001995
(portability-PLR_narcolepsy)
 PSS009252|
European Ancestry|
4,057 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0898 [0.0591, 0.1203] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010837 PGS001995
(portability-PLR_narcolepsy)
 PSS008806|
European Ancestry|
6,571 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0631 [0.039, 0.0872] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010838 PGS001995
(portability-PLR_narcolepsy)
 PSS008580|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
1,078 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0622 [0.002, 0.1221] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010839 PGS001995
(portability-PLR_narcolepsy)
 PSS008358|
South Asian Ancestry|
6,001 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0739 [0.0487, 0.0991] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010840 PGS001995
(portability-PLR_narcolepsy)
 PSS008135|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,752 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0367 [-0.0104, 0.0837] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010841 PGS001995
(portability-PLR_narcolepsy)
 PSS007922|
African Ancestry|
2,395 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0267 [-0.0135, 0.0668] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010842 PGS001995
(portability-PLR_narcolepsy)
 PSS009026|
African Ancestry|
3,750 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0356 [0.0036, 0.0677] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012543 PGS002212
(portability-ldpred2_narcolepsy)
 PSS009478|
European Ancestry|
19,922 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1104 [0.0966, 0.1241] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012544 PGS002212
(portability-ldpred2_narcolepsy)
 PSS009252|
European Ancestry|
4,057 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0922 [0.0616, 0.1227] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012545 PGS002212
(portability-ldpred2_narcolepsy)
 PSS008806|
European Ancestry|
6,571 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0802 [0.0561, 0.1042] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012546 PGS002212
(portability-ldpred2_narcolepsy)
 PSS008580|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
1,078 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0377 [-0.0227, 0.0977] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012547 PGS002212
(portability-ldpred2_narcolepsy)
 PSS008358|
South Asian Ancestry|
6,001 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0784 [0.0531, 0.1035] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012548 PGS002212
(portability-ldpred2_narcolepsy)
 PSS008135|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,752 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0407 [-0.0064, 0.0876] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012549 PGS002212
(portability-ldpred2_narcolepsy)
 PSS007922|
African Ancestry|
2,395 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.05 [0.0098, 0.0901] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM012550 PGS002212
(portability-ldpred2_narcolepsy)
 PSS009026|
African Ancestry|
3,750 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Daytime dozing / sleeping (narcolepsy) — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0511 [0.019, 0.0831] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM015959 PGS003204
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_LASSOSUM_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 0.983 [0.952, 1.014]
β: -0.0174 (0.016)		 AUROC: 0.49 [0.482, 0.499] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015965 PGS003205
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PT_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 0.998 [0.967, 1.03]
β: -0.00225 (0.0161)		 AUROC: 0.5 [0.491, 0.509] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015961 PGS003206
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PLINK_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 0.975 [0.945, 1.007]
β: -0.0252 (0.0162)		 AUROC: 0.49 [0.48, 0.499] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015957 PGS003207
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_DBSLMM_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 0.975 [0.945, 1.005]
β: -0.0258 (0.016)		 AUROC: 0.492 [0.484, 0.501] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015963 PGS003208
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PRSCS_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 1.016 [0.984, 1.048]
β: 0.0154 (0.0161)		 AUROC: 0.505 [0.497, 0.514] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015953 PGS003209
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_LASSOSUM_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 1.053 [1.02, 1.087]
β: 0.0517 (0.0162)		 AUROC: 0.514 [0.506, 0.523] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015956 PGS003210
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_PT_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 1.073 [1.04, 1.108]
β: 0.0708 (0.0162)		 AUROC: 0.519 [0.51, 0.528] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015954 PGS003211
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_PLINK_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 1.061 [1.028, 1.096]
β: 0.0595 (0.0162)		 AUROC: 0.515 [0.506, 0.525] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015952 PGS003212
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_DBSLMM_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 1.014 [0.982, 1.046]
β: 0.0135 (0.016)		 AUROC: 0.496 [0.487, 0.504] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015955 PGS003213
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_G6-SLEEPAPNO_PRSCS_MGI_20211120)
 PSS010012|
European Ancestry|
21,354 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 1.106 [1.071, 1.142]
β: 0.101 (0.0162)		 AUROC: 0.527 [0.517, 0.536] — SEX,AGE,Batch,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015960 PGS003214
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_LASSOSUM_UKB_20211120)
 PSS010032|
European Ancestry|
203,685 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 1.004 [0.962, 1.047]
β: 0.00364 (0.0214)		 AUROC: 0.5 [0.489, 0.513] — Sex,birthYear,genotyping.array,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015966 PGS003215
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PT_UKB_20211120)
 PSS010032|
European Ancestry|
203,685 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 0.967 [0.928, 1.009]
β: -0.0331 (0.0215)		 AUROC: 0.489 [0.477, 0.501] — Sex,birthYear,genotyping.array,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015962 PGS003216
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PLINK_UKB_20211120)
 PSS010032|
European Ancestry|
203,685 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 0.992 [0.951, 1.034]
β: -0.00819 (0.0214)		 AUROC: 0.497 [0.485, 0.509] — Sex,birthYear,genotyping.array,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015958 PGS003217
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_DBSLMM_UKB_20211120)
 PSS010032|
European Ancestry|
203,685 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 1.021 [0.98, 1.064]
β: 0.0207 (0.0211)		 AUROC: 0.485 [0.475, 0.495] — Sex,birthYear,genotyping.array,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM015964 PGS003218
(ExPRSweb_SleepApnea_finngen-R4-G6-SLEEPAPNO_PRSCS_UKB_20211120)
 PSS010032|
European Ancestry|
203,685 individuals
 PGP000393 |
Ma Y et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep Apnea OR: 1.003 [0.962, 1.046]
β: 0.00286 (0.0214)		 AUROC: 0.5 [0.488, 0.512] — Sex,birthYear,genotyping.array,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4 —
PPM017064 PGS003414
(PRS47_RBD)
 PSS010109|
European Ancestry|
1,477 individuals
 PGP000427 |
Krohn L et al. Nat Commun (2022)
 Reported Trait: Isolated REM sleep behavior disorder — AUROC: 0.614 [0.575, 0.654] — — —
PPM017065 PGS003414
(PRS47_RBD)
 PSS010110|
European Ancestry|
1,192 individuals
 PGP000427 |
Krohn L et al. Nat Commun (2022)
 Reported Trait: Probabable REM sleep behavior disorder (with Parkinson disease) — AUROC: 0.597 [0.56, 0.634] — — —
PPM017066 PGS003414
(PRS47_RBD)
 PSS010111|
European Ancestry|
1,124 individuals
 PGP000427 |
Krohn L et al. Nat Commun (2022)
 Reported Trait: Probabable REM sleep behavior disorder — AUROC: 0.548 [0.505, 0.59] — — —
PPM017318 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: DBP β: 0.038 (0.093) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017319 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Eosinophils count β: 0.003 (0.002) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017320 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: FEV1/FVC ratio β: -0.035 (0.06) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017321 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fasting insulin β: 0.156 (0.091) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017322 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: HbA1c β: 0.291 (0.122) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017323 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Hematocrit β: 0.039 (0.031) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017324 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Hemoglobin β: 0.014 (0.011) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017325 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: HOMA-B β: 1.851 (1.169) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017326 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: HOMA-IR β: 0.051 (0.03) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017327 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Heart rate β: 0.038 (0.106) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017328 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Insomnia β: 0.015 (0.049) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017329 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: LDL β: -0.358 (0.336) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017330 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Lymphocyte count β: 0.002 (0.007) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017331 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Mean arterial pressure β: 0.011 (0.102) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017333 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: RBC β: 0.003 (0.003) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017334 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Sleep duration β: 0.0 (0.013) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017335 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Total cholesterol β: -0.324 (0.391) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017336 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Triglycerides β: 0.725 (0.93) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017337 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: WBC β: 0.006 (0.018) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017338 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Waist hip ratio β: 0.002 (0.001) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017339 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: FEV1/FVC ratio β: 0.002 (0.018) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017380 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: DBP in obsese β: -0.084 (0.148) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017381 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: DBP in non-obsese β: 0.116 (0.118) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017382 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fasting insulin in obsese β: 0.201 (0.161) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017383 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fasting insulin in non-obsese β: 0.175 (0.089) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017384 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: HbA1c in obsese β: 0.052 (0.197) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017385 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: HbA1c in non-obsese β: 0.488 (0.151) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017386 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: HOMA-B in obsese β: 0.724 (2.105) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017387 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: HOMA-B in non-obsese β: 1.664 (1.084) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017388 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: HOMA-IR in obsese β: 0.076 (0.057) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017389 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: HOMA-IR in non-obsese β: 0.062 (0.029) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017390 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Waist hip ratio in obsese β: 0.002 (0.001) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017391 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Waist hip ratio in non-obsese β: 0.001 (0.001) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM017332 PGS003479
(LDPred2_SleepApnea)
 PSS010185|
Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry|
1,115 individuals
 PGP000456 |
Zhang Y et al. EBioMedicine (2022)
 Reported Trait: Pulse pressure β: -0.073 (0.104) — — Age, sex, center, 5 genetic PCs, Hispanic/Latino background, BMI —
PPM018710 PGS003857
(GRS18_BMIunadj)
 PSS011076|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
40,193 individuals
 PGP000496 |
Sofer T et al. EBioMedicine (2023)
 Reported Trait: BMI adjusted obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.014 (0.017) AUROC: 0.77 [0.75, 0.78] — BMI, age, sex, genetic batch, PCs 1-10 —
PPM018709 PGS003857
(GRS18_BMIunadj)
 PSS011076|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
40,193 individuals
 PGP000496 |
Sofer T et al. EBioMedicine (2023)
 Reported Trait: BMI unadjusted obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.082 (0.016) AUROC: 0.66 [0.64, 0.67] — age, sex, genetic batch, PCs 1-10 —
PPM018711 PGS003858
(GRS6_BMIadj)
 PSS011076|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
40,193 individuals
 PGP000496 |
Sofer T et al. EBioMedicine (2023)
 Reported Trait: BMI unadjusted obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.048 (0.015) AUROC: 0.62 [0.61, 0.64] — age, sex, genetic batch, PCs 1-10 —
PPM018712 PGS003858
(GRS6_BMIadj)
 PSS011076|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
40,193 individuals
 PGP000496 |
Sofer T et al. EBioMedicine (2023)
 Reported Trait: BMI adjusted obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.066 (0.017) AUROC: 0.77 [0.76, 0.79] — BMI, age, sex, genetic batch, PCs 1-10 —
PPM022619 PGS005219
(PRS_BMIadjOSA)
 PSS012043|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
21,975 individuals
 PGP000734 |
Kurniansyah N et al. EBioMedicine (2025)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea OR: 1.98 [1.74, 2.24] AUROC: 0.79 — age, sex, self-reported race/ethnicity , BMI and 11PCs —
PPM022620 PGS005220
(PRS_BMIunadjOSA)
 PSS012043|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
21,975 individuals
 PGP000734 |
Kurniansyah N et al. EBioMedicine (2025)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea OR: 1.53 [1.39, 1.68] AUROC: 0.79 — age, sex, self-reported race/ethnicity , BMI and 11PCs —
PPM030578 PGS012520
(OSA_bmi_unadj)
 PSS012199|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
16,422 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.004 (0.025) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, 11 genetic PCs Effect estimate corresponds to PRS per SD adjusted for genetic PCs.
PPM030579 PGS012520
(OSA_bmi_unadj)
 PSS012199|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
16,422 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.003 (0.026) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, global ancestry proportions Effect estimate corresponds to PRS per SD adjusted for global ancestry proportions.
PPM030580 PGS012520
(OSA_bmi_unadj)
 PSS012199|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
16,422 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.003 (0.026) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, global ePRS Effect estimate corresponds to residual PRS (rPRS) adjusted for global expected PRS (gePRS).
PPM030581 PGS012520
(OSA_bmi_unadj)
 PSS012199|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
16,422 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.004 (0.026) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, local ePRS Effect estimate corresponds to residual PRS (rPRS) adjusted for local expected PRS (lePRS).
PPM030574 PGS012521
(OSA_bmi_adj)
 PSS012199|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
16,422 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for BMI) β: 0.07 (0.024) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, BMI^2, 11 genetic PCs Effect estimate corresponds to PRS per SD adjusted for genetic PCs.
PPM030575 PGS012521
(OSA_bmi_adj)
 PSS012199|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
16,422 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for BMI) β: 0.069 (0.024) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, BMI^2, global ancestry proportions Effect estimate corresponds to PRS per SD adjusted for global ancestry proportions.
PPM030576 PGS012521
(OSA_bmi_adj)
 PSS012199|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
16,422 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for BMI) β: 0.068 (0.024) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, BMI^2, global ePRS Effect estimate corresponds to residual PRS (rPRS) adjusted for global expected PRS (gePRS).
PPM030577 PGS012521
(OSA_bmi_adj)
 PSS012199|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
16,422 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for BMI) β: 0.069 (0.024) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, BMI^2, local ePRS Effect estimate corresponds to residual PRS (rPRS) adjusted for local expected PRS (lePRS).
PPM030605 PGS012528
(OSA_bmi_unadj_LD)
 PSS012198|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
15,829 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.174 (0.044) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, 11 genetic PCs Effect estimate corresponds to PRS per SD adjusted for genetic PCs.
PPM030606 PGS012528
(OSA_bmi_unadj_LD)
 PSS012198|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
15,829 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.166 (0.044) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, global ancestry proportions Effect estimate corresponds to PRS per SD adjusted for global ancestry proportions.
PPM030607 PGS012528
(OSA_bmi_unadj_LD)
 PSS012198|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
15,829 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea β: 0.167 (0.044) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, global ePRS Effect estimate corresponds to residual PRS (rPRS) adjusted for global expected PRS (gePRS).
PPM030602 PGS012529
(OSA_bmi_adj_LD)
 PSS012198|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
15,829 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for BMI) β: 0.24 (0.05) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, BMI^2, 11 genetic PCs Effect estimate corresponds to PRS per SD adjusted for genetic PCs.
PPM030603 PGS012529
(OSA_bmi_adj_LD)
 PSS012198|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
15,829 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for BMI) β: 0.232 (0.05) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, BMI^2, global ancestry proportions Effect estimate corresponds to PRS per SD adjusted for global ancestry proportions.
PPM030604 PGS012529
(OSA_bmi_adj_LD)
 PSS012198|
Multi-ancestry (including European)|
15,829 individuals
 PGP000786 |
Huang YJ et al. Nat Commun (2026)
 Reported Trait: Obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for BMI) β: 0.225 (0.05) — — sex, age, age^2, BMI, BMI^2, global ePRS Effect estimate corresponds to residual PRS (rPRS) adjusted for global expected PRS (gePRS).

Evaluated Samples

PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Phenotype Definitions and Methods Participant Follow-up Time Sample Numbers Age of Study Participants Sample Ancestry Additional Ancestry Description Cohort(s) Additional Sample/Cohort Information
PSS008135 — — 1,752 individuals — East Asian China (East Asia) UKB —
PSS012043 — —
[
  • 4,463 cases
  • , 17,512 controls
]
,
47.0 % Male samples
 Mean = 53.0 years European, African American or Afro-Caribbean, East Asian, Hispanic or Latin American — OOA —
PSS010109 — —
[
  • 212 cases
  • , 1,265 controls
]
 — European — 23andMe, WTCCC —
PSS010110 — —
[
  • 285 cases
  • , 907 controls
]
 — European — 23andMe, WTCCC —
PSS010111 — —
[
  • 217 cases
  • , 907 controls
]
 — European — 23andMe, WTCCC —
PSS008806 — — 6,571 individuals — European Italy (South Europe) UKB —
PSS007922 — — 2,395 individuals — African American or Afro-Caribbean Carribean UKB —
PSS007536 — — 6,254 individuals — African unspecified — UKB —
PSS007537 — — 1,629 individuals — East Asian — UKB —
PSS007538 — — 24,713 individuals — European non-white British ancestry UKB —
PSS007539 — — 7,410 individuals — South Asian — UKB —
PSS007540 — — 67,196 individuals — European white British ancestry UKB Testing cohort (heldout set)
PSS010185 — — 1,115 individuals,
41.1 % Male samples
 Mean = 46.18 years Hispanic or Latin American — HCHS-SOL —
PSS000966 The narcolepsy patients had either hypocretin deficiency (CSF hypocretin-1 ≤110 pg/mL) or clear-cut cataplexy and HLA-DQB1*06:02. —
[
  • 903 cases
  • , 1,981 controls
]
,
44.94 % Male samples
 — East Asian
(Han Chinese, Chinese)		 — NR —
PSS010012 PheCode 327.3 (http://phewascatalog.org/); Binary —
[
  • 5,443 cases
  • , 15,911 controls
]
 — European — MGI —
PSS008580 — — 1,078 individuals — Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern, North African or Persian) Iran (Middle East) UKB —
PSS009478 — — 19,922 individuals — European UK (+ Ireland) UKB —
PSS012198 — — 5,469 individuals — European — OOA —
PSS012198 — — 3,029 individuals — African American or Afro-Caribbean — OOA —
PSS010032 PheCode 327.3 (http://phewascatalog.org/); Binary —
[
  • 2,209 cases
  • , 201,476 controls
]
 — European — UKB —
PSS011076 — — 2,023 individuals,
37.4 % Male samples
 Mean = 53.16 years
Sd = 16.23 years		 African unspecified — MGBB —
PSS011076 — — 932 individuals,
41.8 % Male samples
 Mean = 47.0 years
Sd = 15.67 years		 Asian unspecified — MGBB —
PSS011076 — — 34,764 individuals,
46.7 % Male samples
 Mean = 60.62 years
Sd = 16.83 years		 European — MGBB —
PSS011076 — — 1,182 individuals,
31.3 % Male samples
 Mean = 52.29 years
Sd = 16.56 years		 Hispanic or Latin American — MGBB —
PSS011076 — — 1,292 individuals,
46.8 % Male samples
 Mean = 52.08 years
Sd = 18.42 years		 Not reported — MGBB —
PSS009252 — — 4,057 individuals — European Poland (NE Europe) UKB —
PSS012199 — — 5,835 individuals — European — OOA —
PSS008358 — — 6,001 individuals — South Asian India (South Asia) UKB —
PSS012199 — — 3,222 individuals — African American or Afro-Caribbean — OOA —
PSS012199 — — 7,137 individuals — Hispanic or Latin American — OOA —
PSS012199 — — 228 individuals — Asian unspecified — OOA —
PSS012198 — — 7,103 individuals — Hispanic or Latin American — OOA —
PSS012198 — — 228 individuals — Asian unspecified — OOA —
PSS009026 — — 3,750 individuals — African unspecified Nigeria (West Africa) UKB —